Given by: the angel of the presence to Moses on Sinai, retelling the building of Babel and its tower. Given to: Israel, warned by the scattering that proud self-exaltation invites.

Babel's ziggurat culture sought to reach the heavens by human building; Jubilees reads the story as the pattern of every civilisation that exalts itself against its Maker and is undone.

For they departed from the land of Ararat eastward to Shinar; for in his days they built the city and the tower, saying, 'Go to, let us ascend thereby into heaven.'

The builders of Babel say, 'let us ascend into heaven' — and are scattered. A warning: self-exalting ambition against God ends in confusion; walk humbly under His rule.

Jubilees 10:19

Your Spirit

Loves God

Loves Neighbor

Your Body

Moral Behaviour