Given by: the angel of the presence to Moses on Sinai, grounding the command in the six days of creation and God's hallowing of the seventh. Given to: Moses, for the children of Israel under the covenant. Verse 27 repeats and intensifies the sanction, binding it to Israel's remaining in the land.

Written within living memory of Jews who had died rather than profane the sabbath, the book's severity cuts both ways: a people who bled for the day would not hear its defilement called a small matter.

He created heaven and earth and everything that He created in six days, and God made the seventh day holy, for all His works; therefore He commanded on its behalf that, whoever does any work thereon shall die, and that he who defiles it shall surely die.

Because God made the seventh day holy for all His works, the book attaches the gravest of sanctions to profaning it — a warning that the holiness of God's day is a matter of life and death before Him.

Jubilees 2:25

Your Spirit

Loves God

Loves Neighbor

Your Body

Moral Behaviour