Given by: the angel of the presence to Moses on Sinai, retelling Abraham's dying charge to his children. Given to: all Abraham's descendants, that they should hold the covenant they had received.

Under Hellenistic pressure, some Jews abandoned circumcision to assimilate; Jubilees answers by rooting the covenant sign in Abraham himself, making faithfulness the oldest loyalty in the world rather than a burden of the moment.

That they should circumcise their sons, according to the covenant which He had made with them, and not deviate to the right hand or the left of all the paths which the Lord had commanded us; and that we should keep ourselves from all fornication and uncleanness, and renounce from amongst us all fornication and uncleanness.

Abraham binds his children to the covenant sign and to walking God's commanded paths without swerving to the right hand or the left — and to keeping themselves clean.

Jubilees 20:3

Your Spirit

Loves God

Loves Neighbor

Your Body

Moral Behaviour