Given by: Esau, resisting his sons' demand for war by pleading the oath he and Jacob swore to Isaac. Given to: the reader, as the standard Esau invokes and later betrays.

An oath sworn before a father carried binding force across a lifetime; Esau's appeal to it against his sons' war-lust shows the oath doing its proper work — until his old hatred overrides it.

And now our father has caused us to swear, me and him, that we shall not mutually devise evil, either against his brother, and that we shall continue in love and in peace each with his brother and not make our ways corrupt.'

Pressed by his sons to make war, Esau first appeals to the oath he swore to his father — a sworn covenant of peace that should bind even under pressure.

Jubilees 37:4

Your Spirit

Loves God

Loves Neighbor

Your Body

Moral Behaviour